I would recommend handling the logic directly in the onEventResizing event handler.
The typical action would be to notify the server or to ask for a confirmation. These actions are not typical “state changes” where useEffect makes most sense.
If you want to trigger useEffect you would have to change a state property. It could look like this:
const [eventResizeArgs, setEventResizeArgs] = useState(null);
useEffect(() => {
    if (eventResizeArgs !== null) {
        // ... process the event
    }
}, [eventResizeArgs]);
const handleEventResize = useCallback(args => {
    setEventResizeArgs(args);
}, []);
// ...
<DayPilotScheduler
    onEventResize={handleEventResize}
    // ...
/>