Workaround found. By creating a fake (hidden) iFrame and exporting the daypilot calendar to an image, you can place the image in the iframe and print the iframe. Like so:
$("#print-button").click(function (ev) {
const iframe = document.createElement('iframe');
iframe.style.height = 0;
iframe.style.visibility = 'hidden';
iframe.style.width = 0;
iframe.setAttribute('srcdoc', '<html><body></body></html>');
document.body.appendChild(iframe);
iframe.addEventListener('load', function() {
const image = dp.exportAs('png').toElement();
image.style.maxWidth = '100%';
const body = iframe.contentDocument.body;
body.style.textAlign = 'center';
body.appendChild(image);
iframe.contentWindow.print();
});
});